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Análisis crítica de los orígenes del Principio de Incertidumbre de Heisenberg

Author:

Michaud, André

Category:

Research Papers

Sub-Category:

Quantum Theory / Particle Physics

Language:

Spanish

Date Published:

May 19, 2024

File:

/Research Papers-Quantum Theory / Particle Physics/Download/9887

Downloads:

Keywords:

Velocidad de la onda de fase; Mecánica ondulatoria; Mecánica matricial; Mecánica cuántica; Principio de incertidumbre.

Abstract:

Análisis de las etapas iniciales del proceso lógico seguido por Louis de Broglie para establecer la ecuación de onda de fase del electrón en su tesis de 1924, que desencadenó el desarrollo de la mecánica ondulatoria cuando Erwin Schrödinger formalizó este concepto con su ecuación de onda vectorial. Este desarrollo fue seguido poco después por la Mecánica Cuántica, cuando Schrödinger demostró que la Mecánica Matricial desarrollada independientemente por Werner Heisenberg era equivalente a la Mecánica Ondulatoria; ambas teorías dejando cierto margen de incertidumbre en cuanto a la ubicación física del electrón en movimiento. Esto es lo que llevó a Heisenberg a formalizar también el Principio de Incertidumbre para tener en cuenta esta situación. Este principio pronto se consideró un principio axiomático fundamental que parecía imposibilitar cualquier exploración ulterior del nivel subatómico de magnitud para la mayoría de los investigadores. Análisis del uso histórico de la frecuencia incorrecta, que dio lugar al concepto de grupo de ondas para representar la energía del momentum del electrón, desarrollado por Louis de Broglie, y al Principio de incertidumbre desarrollado por Werner Heisenberg.