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Metal Hardening, Maximum Metal Strength, Liquifying, Vaporizing; Analogies for Each

Author:

Littmann, Carl

Category:

Research Papers

Sub-Category:

Engineering

Language:

English

Date Published:

May 10, 2024

File:

/Research Papers-Engineering/Download/9878

Downloads:

Keywords:

Hardening, Venturi Suction, Laminar Flow, Turbulence, Fracturing, Annealing, Heat of Fusion, Tungsten, Tensile Strength, Phase change

Abstract:

This article presents ultra-simplified Analogies or models for the following: 1) What happens when some metals are cooled fast or by other physical methods - that makes them extra hard; but if done excessively – makes them brittle and prone to fracturing? 2) What happens as a solid goes through various states: I.e., adding heat raises a solid’s temperature, then no increase with added heat– but melting occurs. Then, adding heat increasing temperature again; then no temperature increase with added heat while ‘heat of vaporization’ supplied. And then the vapor’s temperature increases again? 3) Why does the strongest pure metal, Tungsten, obtain the high tensile strength it does, but not higher?

Comments

John Roach(Jasper, United States):

It is good to see your name attached to a paper. I think that the process is "tempering". I worked at a metal foundry with die-cast molds. These molds were extremely expensive, but the management seem to be unaware in the process of "tempering" as the molds underwent routine maintenance. In other words, the molds did not demonstrate problems during the 24-hour operation, but DID demonstrate problems AFTER the routine maintenance. and they were clueless.

Posted: May 29, 2024 @ 4:22:36 pm

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