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"Formulating Time and Revealing the Origin of Space, Mass, Rest Energy, c, and Its Invariance" – Part 1

Author:

Steinbruch, Yacov Gilberto

Category:

Research Papers

Sub-Category:

Astrophysics

Language:

English

Date Published:

June 27, 2025

File:

/Research Papers-Astrophysics/Download/10240

Downloads:

Keywords:

imaginary space; time formulation; invariance of light; origin of c; origin of rest energy; negative energy; space-time structure;

Abstract:

BS"D: This manuscript, the first part of a broader theoretical investigation, expands upon and clarifies the concepts presented in the earlier work entitled "A Possible Explanation for Time Dilation and Space Contraction" [1], offering a deeper understanding and presenting corrections along with a revised analysis, as follows. Recognizing that the measurement of time is based on determining the spatial displacement of a clock’s hands according to their velocity, led us to formulate time as a relation between space and velocity, dw/vt. Developing this formulation, we found that the velocity of the proper time, vw, is equal to ci, and that dw refers to a space of imaginary coordinates. Consequently, for a stationary clock, vt = vw, and for a clock moving with velocity v, vt = vw + v. Through this conclusion we were able to formulate time, space and mass, to explain why and how time, space and mass vary with velocity, to understand why light is invariant and equal to c, to understand that the rest energy corresponds to the kinetic energy due to vw and to reveal the existence of negative energy outside the 3-real space. We also concluded that proper time, proper space, rest mass, rest energy, the speed of light c, and the constant h, all originate from vw, and showed that if vw were equal to zero, space and time would cease to exist, energy would vanish, rest mass would be infinite, and both c and h would reduce to zero.

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