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1851 年的“斐索实验”证明了什么？证伪了什么？

Author:

Li, Chunsheng

Category:

Essays

Sub-Category:

Relativity Theory

Language:

Chinese

Date Published:

December 26, 2024

File:

/Essays-Relativity Theory/Download/10047

Downloads:

Keywords:

以太、光速、光速不变、光速可变、速度相加定理、伽利略变换

Abstract:

本文对法国物理学家阿尔芒·斐索（Armand Hippolyte Louis Fizeau）1851 年的流水拖曳实验（斐索实验）的进行了另一个角度的分析，发现之前没有被引起足够重视的实验细节。斐索实验证明了光速会与运动的介质的运动速度叠加和递减——光速可变，证明了经典物理学的速度相加定理，证伪了光速不变假说。科学需要实验证明，但是，对同一个实验却存在完全相反的结论，并且发展成不同的理论体系，我们依据什么来判断哪一种解释（或理论）正确？希望这些疑问能够引起一些反思。摘自 H. 斐索的论文《关于光以太的假设以及一项实验，这项实验似乎表明物体运动会改变光在其内部传播的速度》，《法兰西科学院报告（Comptes Rendus de l’Académie des Sciences）》，第 33 卷，1851 年，第 349-355 页。